1. Theory of networks
网络 = 因变量:研究网络生成(network formation)
这里我们重点关注tie formation。下面列出一些直接原因:
- node attributes
- characteristics of ego & potential alter(比如ego是外向型性格)
- relative characteristics: similarities & differences(比如相同性别)
- other ties
- multiplexity:co-workers become lovers
- reciprocity:A dislikes B → B dislikes A
- transitivity:A likes B & B likes C → A likes C
两种深层机制(mechanism):
- opportunity mechanism (i.e. for ties to form, need opportunity to interact)
- preference mechanism
2. Network theory
网络 = 自变量:研究网络效应(network effect)
1)Diffusion paradigm (modeling style)
对于“why people do xx”这样的问题,传统的解释方式为rational actor effects(即根据理性人假设用利益最大化解释),但网络分析考虑基于social influence的network effects,如imitation、persuasion、coercion……
2)Social capital paradigm (modeling achievement)
- Question: Why some people are more successful than others?
- Standard answer: human capital(个体视角)
- Network answer: social capital(网络视角-个体在网络中的位置)
3. Classical theories
3.1 Strength of weak ties
如何定义关系的强弱?strong ties、weak ties……